The underlying logic of QuarkBlockChain is a public chain project aimed at solving the blockchain "impossible triangle" (i.e., the difficulty of achieving decentralization, security, and scalability simultaneously).
Based on the information I have gathered, the underlying logic of QuarkBlockChain is primarily built on sharding technology, a dual-layer chain architecture, and a unique consensus mechanism. Below is a detailed breakdown of its underlying logic:
1. Core Architecture: Dual-Layer Chain Design#
The most notable feature of QuarkBlockChain is its two-layer blockchain architecture, which separates the functions of "accounting" and "confirmation" to enhance efficiency.
First Layer (Sharding Layer): Responsible for accounting and processing transactions. This layer consists of multiple shards, where transactions are allocated to different shards for parallel processing. This is similar to expanding a busy single-lane highway into multiple lanes, greatly increasing throughput (TPS).
Second Layer (Root Chain): Responsible for confirmation and arbitration. The root chain does not directly handle ordinary transactions but is responsible for packaging and confirming the blocks generated by each shard in the first layer. It acts as the final arbiter, ensuring consistency and security across the entire network.
2. Key Technology: Elastic Sharding and Cross-Shard Transactions#
To address scalability issues, QuarkChain introduces elastic sharding technology.
Parallel Processing: The system can allocate transactions to different shards for simultaneous processing, theoretically allowing the network's throughput (TPS) to grow linearly with the increase in the number of shards.
Cross-Shard Transactions: This is a challenging aspect of sharding technology. QuarkChain has designed specific mechanisms to handle transactions involving different shards (e.g., A in shard 1, B in shard 2), ensuring that funds can flow securely between shards and can be ultimately confirmed by the root chain.
3. Security Logic: Game Theory and Collaborative Mining#
In its underlying logic, QuarkChain cleverly utilizes game theory to address the issue of "low security in small shards" (i.e., if a shard has very little computing power, it is vulnerable to attacks).
Collaborative Mining: QuarkChain has designed an incentive framework that encourages miners to evenly distribute their computing power across various shards.
Root Chain Security Threshold: Its core security logic requires that at least 50% of the computing power in the entire network must be allocated to the root chain. This means that to attack a shard, an attacker must not only breach that shard but also compromise the root chain, which has 50% of the network's computing power. This is economically unfeasible, thus ensuring that even small shards benefit from the security of the entire network.
4. Incentives and Governance: Market-Driven#
Super Node Cluster: To lower the threshold for running high-performance nodes, QuarkChain allows multiple ordinary nodes to form a "super node" cluster. This not only reduces hardware costs but also enhances the system's fault tolerance (one node crashing does not affect the overall verification).
Incentive Mechanism: Through token rewards, miners are incentivized to mine honestly and nodes are encouraged to participate in network maintenance.
5. User Experience Logic: Simple Account Management#
Although the underlying technology is complex, at the user perception level, QuarkChain has designed a single account logic.
Regardless of how many shards a user's assets are distributed across, only one account is needed.
All cryptocurrencies are stored in a single smart wallet, eliminating the need for users to manage complex shard addresses, thereby enhancing usability.
Summary: Overview of Quark Blockchain Architecture Layers#
To give you a more intuitive understanding of its underlying structure, I have organized the following table:
| Level | Name | Core Function | Key Logic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Second Layer | Root Chain | Confirmation and Arbitration | Confirms shard blocks, requires at least 50% of the network's computing power to prevent double-spending attacks. |
| First Layer | Sharding Layer | Accounting and Processing | Parallel processing of transactions, elastic scaling, enhancing TPS. |
| Underlying | Consensus Mechanism | Collaborative Mining | Allocates computing power based on game theory to ensure shard security. |
| Ecosystem | Virtual Machine | Compatibility | Uses EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) for easy DApp migration and development. |
Overall, the underlying logic of QuarkBlockChain achieves high throughput commercial-grade application support through "divide and conquer" (sharding processing of transactions) combined with "centralized arbitration" (root chain confirmation of security), ensuring decentralization and security.
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